"brother" meaning in Middle English

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ottawa Valley",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bruder"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "brother"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "brither"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "bruther"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "broder"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "bruder"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "brother"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "brover"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "brower"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "brōþor",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brōþor",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "brōþor"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English brōþor",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*brōþer"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brōþer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*brōþēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brōþēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "frere"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of frere",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "Development of the plural"
      },
      "expansion": "Development of the plural",
      "name": "col-top"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brēþre"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brēþre",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "broþre"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English broþre",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brōþra"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brōþra",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English brōþor, from Proto-West Germanic *brōþer, from Proto-Germanic *brōþēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of frere. Forms with /d/ both represent a phonological development and analogy with fader (“father”), moder (“mother”).\nDevelopment of the plural\nPlural forms with /eː/ are from late Old English brēþre, with generalization of the mutated vowel from the Old English dative singular brēþer by analogy with other nouns with mutation in both the dative singular and nominative/accusative plural such as fōt, tōþ (fot and toth), perhaps reinforced by the Old Norse plural brǿðr. By the end of the Early Middle English period, the final -e of this form was either lost (brether), in conformance with both the consonantal pattern of the singular and a tendency for /(ə)lə/, /(ə)nə/, /(ə)rə/ to develop into /əl/, /ən/, /ər/, or replaced with -en (bretheren) as part of the spread of (nominative/accusative) plurals in -en at the expense of less salient -e. The same processes explain the supplanting of early Middle English broþre, broðre (Old English brōþra, brōþru) with brother and brotheren, though brother may also continue the Old English null plural brōþor. Finally, the forms brotheres and bretheres plainly represent adaptation to the regular plural in -es.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheres",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheres",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brodir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brodyr",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothur",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþur",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broiþer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruther",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broðer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþerr",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "brother",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "gen": "brother",
        "gen2": "brotheres",
        "pl": "bretheren",
        "pl2": "brether",
        "pl3": "brotheren"
      },
      "expansion": "brother (plural bretheren or brether or brotheren, genitive singular brother or brotheres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brotherhede"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brother-in-lawe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brotherles"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brotherly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brotherwort"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              26
            ],
            [
              58,
              65
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              31
            ],
            [
              104,
              111
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Now, Brother Walter, my brother by blood relation and in Christendom, through baptism and faith, and my brother in God's house […]",
          "ref": "c. 1180, Orͬm, “[Dedication]”, in Orͬmulum (Bodleian MS. Junius 1), Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire, folio 3, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
          "text": "Nu broþerr Ƿallꞇ͛. broþerͬ min. Affꞇ͛ þe flæsheſſ kĩde⹎ ⁊ broþerͬ mın ı crıſſtenndom. Þurrh fulluhht⹎ ⁊ þurrh troꟕþe⹎ ⁊ broþerr mın ı ꟑodeſſ huſ […]",
          "translation": "Now, Brother Walter, my brother by blood relation and in Christendom, through baptism and faith, and my brother in God's house […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A brother or brother-in-law; a male sibling."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-Z~RScyb2",
      "links": [
        [
          "brother",
          "brother#English"
        ],
        [
          "brother-in-law",
          "brother-in-law"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 20 9 10 11 19 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Male family members",
          "orig": "enm:Male family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 24 9 10 9 11 11 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A blood brother; a companion in a two-member loyalty pact."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-hNIsSQks",
      "links": [
        [
          "blood brother",
          "blood brother"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion"
        ],
        [
          "loyalty",
          "loyalty"
        ],
        [
          "pact",
          "pact"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 20 9 10 11 19 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Male family members",
          "orig": "enm:Male family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any male relative or family member."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-W8Y7gfam",
      "links": [
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ],
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A fellow (male) human being."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-roY9okoT",
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male#English"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male friend or companion."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-irYirY0b",
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 20 9 10 11 19 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Male family members",
          "orig": "enm:Male family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I, John, your brother and partner in tribulation, the Kingdom, and endurance in Jesus Christ, was on an island that's called Patmos for the word of God and for the witnessing of Jesus.",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:9, folio 117, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "I ioon ȝoure bꝛoþer ⁊ partener in tribulacioun ⁊ kingdom ⁊ pacience in criſt iheſu .· was in an ile þat is clepid pathmos · foꝛ þe woꝛd of god · ⁊ foꝛ þe witneſſyng of iheſu",
          "translation": "I, John, your brother and partner in tribulation, the Kingdom, and endurance in Jesus Christ, was on an island that's called Patmos for the word of God and for the witnessing of Jesus.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow Christian (or other coreligionist)."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-drEQEya1",
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "Christian",
          "Christian"
        ],
        [
          "coreligionist",
          "coreligionist#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 3 16 12 15 9 3 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 11 2 5 1 2 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 16 11 17 8 2 1 1 1 0 1 5 1 1 4 14 1 7 0 1 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 5 8 9 35 5 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 11 8 7 9 9 27 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English nouns with invariant genitive singulars",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 9 7 8 9 9 36 8 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Crafts",
          "orig": "enm:Crafts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 20 9 10 11 19 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Male family members",
          "orig": "enm:Male family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 2 94 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow member of a guild or religious order."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-QjW3hHqx",
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "guild",
          "guild"
        ],
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 10 20 9 10 11 19 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Male family members",
          "orig": "enm:Male family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow ruler."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-nqdHcZxA",
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "(rare) A male fellow ruler."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Something similar or resemblant."
      ],
      "id": "en-brother-enm-noun-8SXxEhZu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Something",
          "something"
        ],
        [
          "similar",
          "similar"
        ],
        [
          "resemblant",
          "resemblant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbroːðər/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbroːdər/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Old Norse"
  ],
  "word": "brother"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English consonant stem nouns",
    "Middle English doublets",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English nouns with invariant genitive singulars",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English weak nouns",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Crafts",
    "enm:Male family members",
    "enm:Monarchy",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ottawa Valley",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bruder"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "brother"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "brither"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "bruther"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "broder"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "bruder"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "brother"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "brover"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "brower"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "brōþor",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brōþor",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "brōþor"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English brōþor",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*brōþer"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brōþer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*brōþēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brōþēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "frere"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of frere",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "Development of the plural"
      },
      "expansion": "Development of the plural",
      "name": "col-top"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brēþre"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brēþre",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "broþre"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English broþre",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brōþra"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brōþra",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English brōþor, from Proto-West Germanic *brōþer, from Proto-Germanic *brōþēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of frere. Forms with /d/ both represent a phonological development and analogy with fader (“father”), moder (“mother”).\nDevelopment of the plural\nPlural forms with /eː/ are from late Old English brēþre, with generalization of the mutated vowel from the Old English dative singular brēþer by analogy with other nouns with mutation in both the dative singular and nominative/accusative plural such as fōt, tōþ (fot and toth), perhaps reinforced by the Old Norse plural brǿðr. By the end of the Early Middle English period, the final -e of this form was either lost (brether), in conformance with both the consonantal pattern of the singular and a tendency for /(ə)lə/, /(ə)nə/, /(ə)rə/ to develop into /əl/, /ən/, /ər/, or replaced with -en (bretheren) as part of the spread of (nominative/accusative) plurals in -en at the expense of less salient -e. The same processes explain the supplanting of early Middle English broþre, broðre (Old English brōþra, brōþru) with brother and brotheren, though brother may also continue the Old English null plural brōþor. Finally, the forms brotheres and bretheres plainly represent adaptation to the regular plural in -es.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheres",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brother",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheres",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brotheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brether",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretheren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brodir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brodyr",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brothur",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþur",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broiþer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruther",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broðer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broþerr",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "brother",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "gen": "brother",
        "gen2": "brotheres",
        "pl": "bretheren",
        "pl2": "brether",
        "pl3": "brotheren"
      },
      "expansion": "brother (plural bretheren or brether or brotheren, genitive singular brother or brotheres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "brotherhede"
    },
    {
      "word": "brother-in-lawe"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherles"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherly"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherwort"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              26
            ],
            [
              58,
              65
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              31
            ],
            [
              104,
              111
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Now, Brother Walter, my brother by blood relation and in Christendom, through baptism and faith, and my brother in God's house […]",
          "ref": "c. 1180, Orͬm, “[Dedication]”, in Orͬmulum (Bodleian MS. Junius 1), Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire, folio 3, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
          "text": "Nu broþerr Ƿallꞇ͛. broþerͬ min. Affꞇ͛ þe flæsheſſ kĩde⹎ ⁊ broþerͬ mın ı crıſſtenndom. Þurrh fulluhht⹎ ⁊ þurrh troꟕþe⹎ ⁊ broþerr mın ı ꟑodeſſ huſ […]",
          "translation": "Now, Brother Walter, my brother by blood relation and in Christendom, through baptism and faith, and my brother in God's house […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A brother or brother-in-law; a male sibling."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brother",
          "brother#English"
        ],
        [
          "brother-in-law",
          "brother-in-law"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A blood brother; a companion in a two-member loyalty pact."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blood brother",
          "blood brother"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion"
        ],
        [
          "loyalty",
          "loyalty"
        ],
        [
          "pact",
          "pact"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any male relative or family member."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ],
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A fellow (male) human being."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male#English"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male friend or companion."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ],
        [
          "companion",
          "companion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I, John, your brother and partner in tribulation, the Kingdom, and endurance in Jesus Christ, was on an island that's called Patmos for the word of God and for the witnessing of Jesus.",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:9, folio 117, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "I ioon ȝoure bꝛoþer ⁊ partener in tribulacioun ⁊ kingdom ⁊ pacience in criſt iheſu .· was in an ile þat is clepid pathmos · foꝛ þe woꝛd of god · ⁊ foꝛ þe witneſſyng of iheſu",
          "translation": "I, John, your brother and partner in tribulation, the Kingdom, and endurance in Jesus Christ, was on an island that's called Patmos for the word of God and for the witnessing of Jesus.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow Christian (or other coreligionist)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "Christian",
          "Christian"
        ],
        [
          "coreligionist",
          "coreligionist#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow member of a guild or religious order."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "guild",
          "guild"
        ],
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "A male fellow ruler."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colleague",
          "colleague"
        ],
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "term of address",
          "term of address#English"
        ],
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A colleague or peer (sometimes as a term of address):",
        "(rare) A male fellow ruler."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Something similar or resemblant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Something",
          "something"
        ],
        [
          "similar",
          "similar"
        ],
        [
          "resemblant",
          "resemblant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbroːðər/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbroːdər/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Old Norse"
  ],
  "word": "brother"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '(nominative/accusative)'",
  "path": [
    "brother"
  ],
  "section": "Middle English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brother",
  "trace": ""
}